Montana

“(1) The legislature finds that older Montanans constitute a valuable resource of this state and that their competence, experience, and wisdom must be used more effectively for the benefit of all Montanans.

(2) The legislature further finds that a complete range of services is not available in all areas of the state and that many Montanans lack access to the services that are available.

(3) The legislature declares that it is the policy of this state, subject to available funding, to provide a wide range of coordinated services to enable older Montanans to maintain an independent lifestyle, avoid unnecessary institutional care, and live in dignity.

(4) It is the intent of the legislature that available federal, state, regional, and local resources be used to strengthen the economic, social, and general well-being of older Montanans and that the state:

(a) develop appropriate programs for older Montanans;

(b) coordinate and integrate all levels of service, with emphasis on the whole person; and

(c) promote alternative forms of service that will create options for older Montanans.

(5) The legislature declares that it is the policy of the state to ensure accountability, as provided in 52-3-410, in providing quality services in a cost-effective manner.”

“Subject to available funding, the department, in conjunction with other state, local, and private agencies and organizations, shall identify and may provide for older Montanans, in addition to existing services:

(1) a directory of available services;

(2) transportation that provides access to services;

(3) housing, nutrition, education, homemaker, escort, respite, hospice, and other programs that facilitate self-care;

(4) physical and mental health care, including inpatient and outpatient services, screening, appliances and supplies, and home health care;

(5) placement in adult day care, foster care, personal care, supervisory care, and nursing homes;

(6) protective advocacy and legal programs;

(7) job training, job development, and income maintenance;

(8) adult education; and

(9) training and research in aging.”

The department shall develop a plan to coordinate the services identified in 52-3-504, facilitate cooperation among agencies, avoid duplication, and increase efficiency.

Nothing in this part shall be construed to prevent the department from complying with the rules and regulations promulgated by the U.S. department of health and human services pursuant to the “Older Americans Act of 1965”, as amended.

The legislature finds that a need exists to provide for cooperation among law enforcement officials and agencies, courts, and state and county agencies providing human services in preventing the abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation of Montana’s elderly persons and persons with developmental disabilities through the identification, reporting, and prosecution of acts of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation.

(1) The county attorney or the department of public health and human services shall convene one or more temporary or permanent interdisciplinary adult protective service teams. These teams shall assist in assessing the needs of, formulating and monitoring a treatment plan for, and coordinating services to older persons and persons with developmental disabilities who are victims of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation. The supervisor of adult protective services of the department of public health and human services or the department’s designee shall serve as the team’s coordinator. Members must include a social worker, a member of a local law enforcement agency, a representative of the medical profession, and a county attorney or the county attorney’s designee, who is an attorney. Members may include other appropriate persons designated by the county attorney or the department.

(2) When the team considers a matter involving an adult with developmental disabilities in the care of a person providing developmental disabilities services, the team must also include a provider of developmental disability services other than the provider involved in the matter under review. The team shall make a report to the county attorney that contains a recommendation concerning any criminal prosecution to be brought pursuant to this part.

“(1) When the professionals and other persons listed in subsection (3) know or have reasonable cause to suspect that an older person or a person with a developmental disability known to them in their professional or official capacities has been subjected to abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation, they shall:

(a) if the person is not a resident of a long-term care facility, report the matter to:

(i) the department or its local affiliate; or

(ii) the county attorney of the county in which the person resides or in which the acts that are the subject of the report occurred;

(b) if the person is a resident of a long-term care facility, report the matter to the long-term care ombudsman appointed under the provisions of 42 U.S.C. 3027(a)(12) and to the department. The department shall investigate the matter pursuant to its authority in 50-5-204 and, if it finds any allegations of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation contained in the report to be substantially true, forward a copy of the report to the county attorney as provided in subsection (1)(a)(ii).

(2) If the report required in subsection (1) involves an act or omission of the department that may be construed as abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation, a copy of the report may not be sent to the department but must be sent instead to the county attorney of the county in which the older person or the person with a developmental disability resides or in which the acts that are the subject of the report occurred.

(3) Professionals and other persons required to report are:

(a) a physician, resident, intern, professional or practical nurse, physician assistant, or member of a hospital staff engaged in the admission, examination, care, or treatment of persons;

(b) an osteopath, dentist, denturist, chiropractor, optometrist, podiatrist, medical examiner, coroner, or any other health or mental health professional;

(c) an ambulance attendant;

(d) a social worker or other employee of the state, a county, or a municipality assisting an older person or a person with a developmental disability in the application for or receipt of public assistance payments or services;

(e) a person who maintains or is employed by a roominghouse, retirement home or complex, nursing home, group home, adult foster care home, adult day-care center, or assisted living facility or an agency or individual that provides home health services or personal care in the home;

(f) an attorney, unless the attorney acquired knowledge of the facts required to be reported from a client and the attorney-client privilege applies;

(g) a peace officer or other law enforcement official;

(h) a person providing services to an older person or a person with a developmental disability pursuant to a contract with a state or federal agency; and

(i) an employee of the department while in the conduct of the employee’s duties.

(4) Any other persons or entities may, but are not required to, submit a report in accordance with subsection (1).”

“(1) The report required by 52-3-811 may be made in writing or orally, by telephone or in person. A person who receives an oral report shall prepare it in writing as soon as possible.

(2) The report referred to under this section must contain:

(a) the names and addresses of the older person or the person with a developmental disability and the person, if any, responsible for that person’s care;

(b) the name and address, if available, of the person who is alleged to have abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited the older person or the person with a developmental disability;

(c) to the extent known, the person’s age and the nature and extent of the abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation, including any evidence of previous injuries, abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation sustained by the older person or the person with a developmental disability and any evidence of prior instances of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation of other older persons or persons with developmental disabilities committed by the person alleged to have committed abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation; and

(d) the name and address of the person making the report.”

“(1) The case records of the department, its local affiliate, the county attorney, and the court concerning actions taken under this part and all reports made pursuant to 52-3-811 must be kept confidential except as provided by this section. For the purposes of this section, the term “”case records”” includes records of an investigation of a report of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation.

(2) The records and reports required to be kept confidential by subsection (1) may be disclosed, upon request, to the following persons or entities in this or any other state:

(a) a physician who is caring for an older person or a person with a developmental disability who the physician reasonably believes was abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited;

(b) a legal guardian or conservator of the older person or the person with a developmental disability if the identity of the person who made the report is protected and the legal guardian or conservator is not the person suspected of the abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation;

(c) the person named in the report as allegedly being abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited if that person is not legally incompetent;

(d) any person engaged in bona fide research if the person alleged in the report to have committed the abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation is later convicted of an offense constituting abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation and if the identity of the older person or the person with a developmental disability who is the subject of the report is not disclosed to the researcher;

(e) an adult protective service team. Members of the team are required to keep information about the subject individuals confidential.

(f) an authorized representative of a provider of services to a person alleged to be an abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited older person or person with a developmental disability if:

(i) the department and the provider are parties to a contested case proceeding under Title 2, chapter 4, part 6, resulting from action by the department adverse to the license of the provider and if information contained in the records or reports of the department is relevant to the case;

(ii) disclosure to the provider is determined by the department to be necessary to protect an interest of a person alleged to be an abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited older person or person with a developmental disability; or

(iii) the person is carrying out background screening or employment-related or volunteer-related screening of current or prospective employees or volunteers who have or may have unsupervised contact with an older person or a person with a developmental disability through employment or volunteer activities if the disclosure is limited to information that indicates a risk to an older person or a person with a developmental disability posed by the employee or volunteer, as determined by the department. A request for information under this subsection must be made in writing.

(g) an employee of the department if disclosure of the record or report is necessary for administration of a program designed to benefit a person alleged to be an abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited older person or person with a developmental disability;

(h) an authorized representative of a guardianship program approved by the department if the department determines that disclosure to the program or to a person designated by the program is necessary for the proper provision of guardianship services to a person alleged to be an abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited older person or person with a developmental disability;

(i) protection and advocacy systems authorized under the provisions of 29 U.S.C. 794e, 42 U.S.C. 10805, and 42 U.S.C. 15043;

(j) the news media if disclosure is limited to confirmation of factual information regarding how the case was handled and does not violate the privacy rights of the older person, person with a developmental disability, or alleged perpetrator of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation, as determined by the department;

(k) a coroner or medical examiner who is determining the cause of death of an older person or a person with a developmental disability;

(l) a person about whom a report has been made and that person’s attorney with respect to relevant records pertaining to that person only without disclosing the identity of the person who made the report or any other person whose safety might be endangered through disclosure;

(m) an agency, including a probation or parole agency, that is legally responsible for the supervision of an alleged perpetrator of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation of an older person or a person with a developmental disability; and

(n) a department, agency, or organization, including a federal agency, military reservation, or tribal organization, that is legally authorized to receive, inspect, or investigate reports of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation of an older person or a person with a developmental disability and that meets the disclosure criteria contained in this section.

(3) The records and reports required to be kept confidential by subsection (1) must be disclosed, upon request, to the following persons or entities in this or any other state:

(a) a county attorney or other law enforcement official who requires the information in connection with an investigation of a violation of this part;

(b) a court that has determined, in camera, that public disclosure of the report, data, information, or record is necessary for the determination of an issue before it;

(c) a grand jury upon its determination that the report, data, information, or record is necessary in the conduct of its official business.

(4) If the person who is reported to have abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited an older person or a person with a developmental disability is the holder of a license, permit, or certificate issued by the department of labor and industry under the provisions of Title 37 or issued by any other entity of state government, the report may be submitted to the entity that issued the license, permit, or certificate.”

(1) A person who makes a report required or authorized to be made under 52-3-811 is immune from civil or criminal liability that might otherwise be incurred or imposed as a result of the report unless the report is false in any material respect and the person acted in bad faith or with malicious purpose.

(2) A person who provides information or who uses information obtained pursuant to 52-3-813(2) to refuse to hire or to discharge an employee, volunteer, or other person who through their employment or volunteer activities may have unsupervised contact with an older person or a person with a developmental disability is immune from civil liability unless the person providing or using the information acts in bad faith or with malicious purpose.

(1) A person or agency receiving a report of suspected abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation under 52-3-811 shall prepare a written description of the conditions regarded as evidence of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation and may, with the consent of an allegedly abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited older person or person with a developmental disability or without consent of the person if it appears that the person is an incapacitated person, take or cause to be taken photographs of an area of trauma visible on the body of the allegedly abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited person and regarded as evidence of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation.

(2) A physician required to report under 52-3-811 may, with the consent of an allegedly abused, sexually abused, neglected, or exploited older person or person with a developmental disability or without consent of the person if it appears that the person is an incapacitated person, require x-rays or other appropriate medical tests or procedures that would, in the professional opinion of the physician, assist in establishing evidence related to the allegation of abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, or exploitation.

(3) Evidence authorized to be gathered under this section must be submitted with the report required under 52-3-811 to the authorities designated in 52-3-811 as soon as possible after submission of the report.

In any proceeding resulting from a report made pursuant to the provisions of this part or in any proceeding where the report or its content is sought to be introduced into evidence, the report or its content or any other fact related to the report or to the condition of the person who is the subject of the report may not be excluded on the ground that the matter is or may be the subject of a privilege granted in Title 26, chapter 1, part 8, except the attorney-client privilege granted by 26-1-803.

(1) A person who purposely or knowingly fails to make a report required by 52-3-811 or discloses or fails to disclose the contents of a case record or report in violation of 52-3-813 is guilty of an offense and upon conviction is punishable as provided in 46-18-212.

(2) (a) A person who purposely or knowingly abuses, sexually abuses, or neglects an older person or a person with a developmental disability is guilty of a felony and shall be imprisoned for a term not to exceed 10 years and be fined an amount not to exceed $10,000, or both.

(b) (i) A person who negligently abuses an older person or a person with a developmental disability is guilty of a misdemeanor and upon a first conviction shall be fined an amount not to exceed $1,000 or be imprisoned in the county jail for a term not to exceed 1 year, or both.

(ii) Upon a second or subsequent conviction of the conduct described in subsection (2)(b)(i), the person is guilty of a felony and shall be imprisoned for a term not to exceed 10 years and be fined an amount not to exceed $10,000, or both.

(c) A person with a developmental disability may not be charged under subsection (2)(a) or (2)(b).

This part may be cited as the “Protective Services Act for Aged Persons or Disabled Adults”.

As used in this part, the following definitions apply:

(1) “Aged person” means an aged person as defined by the department.

(2) “Department” means the department of public health and human services provided for in 2-15-2201.

(3) “Disabled adult” means a person 18 years of age or older who is defined by the department as disabled or who is a person with developmental disabilities, as defined in 53-20-102.

(4) “Protective services” means assistance to an aged person or disabled adult in obtaining the services offered by the department.

To ensure that aged persons or disabled adults in the state be afforded the opportunity to receive protective services and to implement certain provisions of the federal government’s Title XX, Social Services Amendments of 1972, this legislature declares the department to be recognized as the public agency responsible for providing those services.

The department shall be responsible for acting on requests for protective services from aged persons or disabled adults or from relatives, friends, or other reputable persons requesting those services on behalf of an aged person or disabled adult.

The department may implement a program for protective services by establishing appropriate rules which are not inconsistent with the department’s activities.

The department shall make annual reports on the number of people served by this part and the type of protective services made available to the aged persons and disabled adults of Montana.

(1) The provision of protective services does not create a guardianship or conservatorship relationship between the department and the aged person or disabled adult unless a guardianship or conservatorship is created in accordance with the requirements of Title 72, chapter 5, part 3 or 4.

(2) The department may not provide protective services that impose a legal limitation or restriction on an aged person or a disabled adult:

(a) except emergency protective services provided under 52-3-804; or

(b) unless the department has been appointed legal guardian or conservator for that person under the provisions of Title 72, chapter 5, part 3 or 4.